Thanks to Apeetha
91. Enumerate the steps necessary to implement the Quality Management System?i. Senior management commitment
ii. Appoint the management representative
iii. Awareness
iv. Appoint an implementation team
v. Training
vi. Time schedule
vii. Select element owners
viii. Review the present system
ix. Write the documents
x. Install the new system
xi. Internal audit
xii. Management review
xiii. Preassessment
xiv. Registration
92. What are the three sections of QS-9000?i. Common requirements, which include the exact text of ISO 9001 and the addition of automotive/heavy trucking requirements.
ii. Additional requirements covering production part approval process, continuous improvement and manufacturing capabilities.
iii. Customer-specific requirements.
93. What are the ISO/QS 9000 elements?i. Management responsibility
ii.The Quality system
iii. Contract review
iv. Design control
v.Document and data control
vi. Purchasing
vii.Control of customer-supplied product
viii. Product identification and traceability
ix. Process control
x.Inspection and testing
xi. Control of inspection, measuring and test equipment
xii.Inspection and test status
xiii. Control of nonconforming product
xiv. Corrective and preventive action
xv.Handling, storage, packaging, preservation and delivery
xvi. Control of quality records
xvii.Internal quality audits
xviii. Training
xix. Servicing
xx.Statistical techniques
94. Give the objectives of the internal audit?a) Determine the actual performance conforms to the documented quality systems.
b) Initiate corrective action activities in response to deficiencies.
c) Follow up on noncompliance items of previous audits.
d) Provide continued improvement in the system through feedback to management.
e) Cause the auditee to think about the process, thereby creating possible improvements.
95. What are the requirements of ISO 14001?i. General requirements
ii. Environmental policy
iii. Planning
iv. Implementation and operation
v. Checking and corrective action
vi. Management review
96. What are the benefits of ISO 14000?a. Global
i. Facilitate trade and remove trade barriers
ii. Improve environmental performance of planet earth
iii. Build consensus that there is a need for environment management and a common terminology for EMS.
b. Organizational
i. Assuring customers of a commitment to environmental management
ii. Meeting customer requirements
iii. Maintaining a good public / community relations image
iv. Satisfying investor criteria and improving access to capital
v. Obtaining insurance at reasonable cost
vi. Increasing market share that results from a competitive advantage
vii. Reducing incidents that result in liability
viii. Improving defense posture in litigation
ix. Conserving input materials and energy
x. Facilitating the attainment of permits and authorization
xi. Improving industry/government relations
97. What are the four elements for the checking & corrective action of ISO 14001?a) Monitoring and measuring
b) Nonconformance and corrective and preventative action
c) Records
d) EMS audit
98. What are the seven elements for the implementation & operations of ISO 14001?a) Structure and responsibility
b) Training, awareness and competency
c) Communication
d) EMS documentation
e) Documentation control
f) Operational control
g) Emergency preparedness and response
99. What are the four elements for the planning of ISO 14001?a) Environmental aspects
b) Legal and other requirements
c) Objectives and targets
d) Environmental Management Programs
100. Give the types of Organizational Evaluation Standards?i. Environmental Management System
ii. Environmental Auditing
iii. Environmental Performance Evaluation
101. Give the types of Product Evaluation Standards?
i. Environmental Aspects in Product Standards
ii. Environmental Labeling
iii. Life-Cycle Assessment
102. Discuss about ISO 9000:2000 Quality Systems?
The term ISO 9000 refers to a set of quality management standards. ISO 9000
currently includes three quality standards: ISO 9000:2000, ISO 9001:2000, and
ISO 9004:2000. ISO 9001:2000 presents requirements, while ISO 9000:2000 and
ISO 9004:2000 present guidelines.
ISO's purpose is to facilitate international trade b y providing a single set of
standards that people everywhere would recognize and respect.
The ISO 9000 2000 Standards apply to all kinds of organizations in all kinds of
areas. Some of these areas include manufacturing, processing, servicing, printing etc
101. Give the types of Product Evaluation Standards?i. Environmental Aspects in Product Standards
ii. Environmental Labeling
iii. Life-Cycle Assessment
102. Discuss about ISO 9000:2000 Quality Systems?The term ISO 9000 refers to a set of quality management standards. ISO 9000 currently includes three quality standards: ISO 9000:2000, ISO 9001:2000, and ISO 9004:2000. ISO 9001:2000 presents requirements, while ISO 9000:2000 and ISO 9004:2000 present guidelines. ISO's purpose is to facilitate international trade b y providing a single set of standards that people everywhere would recognize and respect. The ISO 9000 2000 Standards apply to all kinds of organizations in all kinds of areas. Some of these areas include manufacturing, processing, servicing, printing etc
103. Why is ISO 9000 important?1)Focus on your customers Organizations rely on customers. Therefore:
-_Organizations must understand customer needs.
-_Organizations must meet customer requirements.
-_Organizations must exceed customer expectations.
2)Provide leadership Organizations rely on leaders. Therefore:
-_Leaders must establish a unity of purpose and set the direction the organization should take.
-Leaders must create an environment that encourages people to achieve the organization's objectives.
3)Involveyour people Organizations rely on people. Therefore:
-_Organizations must encourage the involvement of people at all levels.
-Organizations must help people to develop and use their abilities.
4)Use a process approach Organizations are more efficient and effective when they use a process approach. Therefore:
-_Organizations must use a process approach to manage activities and related resources.
5)Take a systems approach Organizations are more efficient and effective when they use a systems approach. Therefore:
-_Organizations must identify interrelated processes and treat them as a system.
-_Organizations must use a systems approach to manage their interrelated processes.
6)Encourage continual improvement Organizations are more efficient and effective when they continually try to improve. Therefore:
-_Organizations must make a permanent commitment to continually improve their overall performance.
7)Get the facts Organizations perform better when their before you decide decisions are based on facts. Therefore:
-_Organizations must base decisions on the analysis of factual information and data.
8)Work with your suppliers Organizations depend on their suppliers to help them create value. Therefore:
-_Organizations must maintain a mutually beneficial relationship with their suppliers.
104. Define Quality Audits?Quality Audits examine the elements of a quality management system in order to evaluate how well these elements comply with quality system requirements.
105. Analyze TQM?Total Made up of the whole. Quality Degree of excellence a product or service provides. Management Act, art or manner of handling, controlling, directing etc.
106. Give the usage of an effective recognition and reward system?*Serves as a continual reminder that the organization regards quality and productivity as important.
*Offers the organization a visible technique to thank high achievers for outstanding performance.
*Provides employees a specific goal to work toward. It motivates them to improve the process.
*Boosts morale in the work environment by creating a healthy sense of competition among individuals and teams seeking recognition.
107. How will you improve the performance appraisal system?* Use rating scales that have few rating categories.
* Require work team or group evaluations that are at least equal in emphasis to individual-focused evaluations.
* Require more frequent performance reviews where such reviews will have a dominant emphasis on future planning.
* Promotion decisions should be made by an independent administrative process that draws on current-job information and potential for the new job.
* Include indexes of external customer satisfaction in the appraisal process.
* Use peer and subordinate feedback as an index of internal customer satisfaction.
* Include evaluation for process improvement in addition to results.
108. What are the typical measurements frequently asked by managers and teams??_Human Resource
?_Customers
?_Production
?_Research & Development
?_Suppliers
?_Marketing/Sales
?_Administration
109. What are the criteria to evaluate the performance measures?- Simple
- Few in number
- Developed by users
- Relevance to customer
- Improvement
- Cost
- Visible
- Timely
- Aligned
- Results
110. Give the usage of C&E diagrams?-_Analyze actual conditions for the purpose of product or service quality improvement, more efficient use of resources, and reduced costs.
-Eliminate conditions causing nonconformities and customer complaints.
-Standardize existing and proposed operations.
-_Educate and train personnel in decision-making and corrective-action activities.
111. Define Six Sigma?Six-Sigma is a business process that allows organizations to drastically improve their bottom line by designing and monitoring every day business activities in ways that minimize waste and resources while increasing customer satisfaction. It is achieved through continuous process measurement, analysis & improvement.
112. What are the various histogram shapes?-Symmetrical
-Skewed right
-Skewed left
-Peaked
-Flat
-Bimodal
-Plateau distribution
-Comb distribution
-Double peaked distribution
113. Differentiate Population & Sample?Population represents the mathematical world and Sample represents the real world. A population frequency distribution is represented by a smooth curve whereas a sample frequency distribution is represented by a histogram.
114. Give the sources of variation?* Equipment
* Material
* Environment
* Operator
115. Define Run chart?A run chart is a very simple technique for analyzing the process in the development stage or, for that matter, when other charting techniques are not applicable.
116. Define Control chart?Control chart is a means of visualizing the variations that occur in the central tendency and the dispersion of a set of observations. It is a graphical record of the quality of a particular characteristic.
117. What are the various patterns of scatter diagrams?-Positive correlation
-Negative correlation
-No correlation
-Negative correlation may exist
-Correlation by stratification
-Curvilinear relationship
118. What is the procedure for constructing the tree diagram?-Choose an action –oriented objective statement from the interrelationship diagram, affinity diagram, brainstorming, team mission statement, and so forth.
-Using brainstorming, choose the major headings.
-Generate the next level by analyzing the major headings.
119. Give atleast five standard formats of matrix diagram?-L-shaped
-T-shaped
-Y-shaped
-C-shaped
-X-shaped
120. What are the benefits of an activity network diagram?-A realistic timetable determined by the users.
-Team members understand the role in the overall plan.
-Bottlenecks can be discovered and corrective action taken.
-Members focus on the critical tasks.
121. What are the generic steps for the development and execution of action plans in benchmarking?-Specify tasks.
-Sequence tasks.
-Determine resource needs.
-Establish task schedule.
-Assign responsibility for each task.
-Describe expected results.
-Specify methods for monitoring results.
122. What are the phases of QFD process?i. Product planning
ii. Part development
iii. Process planning
iv. Production planning
123. What are the several types of FMEA?* Design FMEA
* Process FMEA
* Equipment FMEA
* Maintenance FMEA
* Concept FMEA
* Service FMEA
* System FMEA
* Environment FMEA etc
.
124. What does a Design FMEA document contain?-FMEA Number
-Item
-Design Responsibility
-Prepared By
-Model Number / Year-
-Key Date
-Fmea Date
-Core Team
-Item / Function
-Potential Failure Mode
-Potential Effects of Failure
-Severity
-Classification
-Potential Causes / Mechanisms of Failure
-Occurrence
-Current Design Controls
-Detection
-Risk Priority Number
-Recommended Actions
-Responsibility and Target Completion Dates
-Actions Taken
125. What does a Process FMEA document contain?-Process Function / Requirements
-Potential Failure Mode
-Potential Effects of Failure
-Severity
-Classification
-Potential Causes / Mechanisms of Failure
-Occurrence
-Current Process Controls
-Detection
126. Define TPM?T : Total = All encompassing by maintenance and production individuals working together.
P : Productive = Production of goods and services that meet or exceed customer’s expectations.
M : Maintenance = Keeping equipment and plant in as good as or better than the original condition at all times.
127. What are the benefits of ISO?-Fewer on-site audit by customers.
-Increased market share.
-Improved quality, both internally and externally.
-Improve product and service quality levels from suppliers.
-Greater awareness of quality by employees.
-A documented formal systems.
-Reduced operating costs.
128. Give the ISO 9001 requirements?-Scope
-Normative Reference
-Terms and Definitions
-Quality Management System
-Management Responsibility
-Resource Management
-Product Realization
-Measurement, Analysis & Improvement
129. What are the methods of actual audit?i. Examination of documents
ii. Observation of activities
iii. Interviews
